THE CRITICAL SUBJECT: CONCEPTUAL CONSTRUCTION FROM CLASSICAL CRITICAL THEORY

Abstract

The text presented below are intended to trace the origins of the concept of modern critical subject, setting as a starting point the most important theorists of the early Frankfurt School, which, by different paths, we will necessarily lead to an ongoing dialogue with the proposals of Marx about that concept. The final idea is to get closer to the study of critical subject, locating in the center of the debate from the contributions of Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno and Herbert Marcuse are doing about. To pose the problem of critical subject in the first place, we must determine where the subject is being devised, for it was taken on the categorization suggested by Sara Alvarado, Patricia Botero and German Muñoz, then, becomes a reflection of the political subject from a critical perspective. From there made a brief overview of the First School of Frankfurt, explaining why this path is taken for posing the problem in a theoretical and conceptual sense. Then outlines an approach to critical thinking in relation to the critical subject category of the three authors of the Frankfurt School already mentioned, finally, warns about the need to build, motivate and defend the critical current of thought in the light of a synthesis of these authors is made and, from there the first conceptualization outlined a critical subject.